May 1728 Convict Ship, name unknown, Sam. Waller New York

EMIGRANTS FROM ENGLAND TO THE AMERICAN COLONIES, 1773-1776. Peter W. Coldham. After the end of the French and Indian War, there was alarm in England that the outflow of men, women, and children to the colonies would depopulate entire parts of England and Scotland. So, in 1773, the British Government took steps to stem the loss. Short of limiting or banning emigration to the colonies, it was proposed that data on emigration be compiled which would ultimately help the Government in curbing the exodus. In December 1773, every port in England and Scotland was required to submit returns, or reports, of this information to the Treasury. These returns were then carefully collated, copied, and collected into registers (now in the Public Record Office) which were to contain "a minute account of every individual person." The registers relating to emigrants from England were originally transcribed by Gerald Fothergill and published in the New England Historical and Genealogical Register between 1908 and 1911. However, this transcription has been found to be deficient in certain areas, and so Peter W. Coldham has re-transcribed the data. It now includes all relevant information from the registers, showing port by port, in order of departure, the names of the ships, the name of each emigrant, his place of residence, occupation, age, and his destination in the colonies. So, in this new transcription, every emigrant officially recorded leaving from an English port between 1773 and 1776 is listed, in all about six to seven thousand persons! 182 pp., indexed. Balto., 1988. [GP1099] $22.50

THE COMPLETE BOOK OF EMIGRANTS, 1607-1660. Peter W. Coldham. This is an heroic attempt to bring together from English sources a complete list of emigrants to the New World from 1607 to 1660. No doubt records of passengers leaving for America were kept in this period, but while no systematic record has survived, the remaining records are substantial. Some were collected and published by John Camden Hotten over 100 years ago, and they were the passenger lists he found in the British State Papers. Since then a great many sources have been found and the time has been long overdue for these facts to be assembled in one comprehensive book. Hence the publication of this work by the English scholar Peter Wilson Coldham, the leading authority on early English emigration records. His book is a reworking of the Chancery records and records of the Exchequer, the 1624 and 1625 censuses of Virginia, the records of licenses and examination of persons wishing to "pass beyond the seas." To Hotten's basic list, which he has revised and augmented to 1668, Coldham has added fascinating records of vagrants, waifs, and prostitutes who were transported to the colonies. He has also added new transcriptions of records--not in Hotten--of servants sent to "foreign plantationes" from Bristol, 1654-1660. And he has added much more from port books, court records, and from any types of official papers and documents. As a result this book is a stupendous achievement. 600 pp., indexed. (1988), repr. Balto., 1993. [GP1097]. Temporarily out of print.

THE COMPLETE BOOK OF EMIGRANTS, 1661-1699. Peter W. Coldham. From every available source in the public archives of England, Peter Wilson Coldham, the foremost authority on English emigration records has put together a comprehensive list of emigrants who sailed to America between the years 1661 and 1699, thus extending by forty years the period of coverage begun in The Complete Book of Emigrants, 1607-1660 and bringing to a conclusion his efforts to document emigration from England to America during the whole of the seventeenth century. Arranged by year, and thereunder by date of record, the entries give, usually, name, age, occupation, residence, ship, and destination, and for each there is a precise source citation. In total some 30,000 emigrants of the period 1661-1699 are identified, bringing the total named in the two volumes to well over 50,000! As with the first volume, two superb indexes to persons and ships reduce the chore of searching the records to seconds. 900 pp., indexed. (1990), repr. Balto., 1993. [GP1102]. Temporarily out of print.

THE COMPLETE BOOK OF EMIGRANTS, 1700-1750. Peter W. Coldham. Peter Wilson Coldham. Taking as its subject the first fifty years of the eighteenth century and following the arrangement of the two earlier works in this distinguished series (Nos. 1097 & 1102 above), the third volume of The Complete Book of Emigrants provides a comprehensive list of emigrants from surviving records in English archives. The records used in this volume, in addition to the usual spread of sources, derive principally from (1) Plantation Apprenticeship Bindings; (2) Port Books; and (3) Convict Pardons on Condition of Transportation. Again, as with the other volumes, there are indexes of names and ships. Altogether some 25,000 emigrants are identified, bringing the total named in the three volumes to over 75,000. 748 pp., indexed. Balto., 1992. [GP1104] $44.95

THE COMPLETE BOOK OF EMIGRANTS, 1751-1776. Peter W. Coldham. In this fourth and final volume of The Complete Book of Emigrants, Peter Wilson Coldham brings the story of English emigration in the colonial period to a natural if uneventful close. Voluntary emigration from the British Isles went into a steep decline after the year 1750, only to rise again sharply from 1770 and to reach epidemic proportions by 1773, a year of great economic hardship in Britain. Involuntary emigration, on the other hand, the forced transportation of criminals of almost every degree, rose sharply during the period, from a yearly total of 500 in 1750 to 1,000 in 1774-75. The records drawn on, in addition to the usual sources, include port books, plantation apprenticeship bindings, and treasury records of emigrants departing from English ports. Now that it is completed, Mr. Coldham's remarkable achievement identifes about 100,000 English emigrants to colonial America from virtually every reference that can be found in England. (Note that convicts and other involuntary emigrants are identified in a companion work, The Complete Book of Emigrants in Bondage, 1614-1775.) viii, 349 pp., indexed. Balto., 1993. [GP1106] $29.95

THE COMPLETE BOOK OF EMIGRANTS IN BONDAGE, 1614-1775. Peter W. Coldham. Between 1614 and 1775 some 50,000 English men, women, and children were sentenced by judicial process to be sent to the American colonies for a variety of crimes. The data on these involuntary colonists came from a variety of official records which the author of this work spent over fifteen years studying. Among those covered were minutes of eleven Courts of Assize and Jail Delivery and of twenty-eight Courts of Quarter Session, as well as Treasury Papers, Money Books, Patent Rolls, State Papers, and Session Papers. The names of those deported are printed in alphabetical order and form what can be considered the largest passenger list of its kind ever published. The data presented in this volume is highly condensed but most entries include some or all of the following information: parish of origin, sentencing court, nature of the offense, date of sentence, date and ship on which transported, date and place landed in America, and the English county in which the sentence was passed. 920 pp. Balto., 1988. [GP1098] $60.00

SUPPLEMENT TO THE COMPLETE BOOK OF EMIGRANTS IN BONDAGE, 1614-1775. Peter W. Coldham. This supplement to GP1098 is derived from material which had either escaped detection during the first round of researches or had become available through the use of newly-opened archives. The roughly 3,000 new entries herein, which include data similar to that in the original, are derived from the following principal classes of records: Patent Rolls, 1655-1719; Criminal Correspondence, 1718-1775; State Papers (Criminal); Quarter Session Records; Docket Books, 1722-1753; and a collection of bonds entered into with transportation contractors. Anyone owning the original edition will find it essential to acquire the supplement. 60 pp. Balto., 1992. [GP1115] $9.00

EMIGRANTS IN CHAINS. A SOCIAL HISTORY OF FORCED EMIGRATION TO THE AMERICAS OF FELONS, DESTITUTE CHILDREN, POLITICAL AND RELIGIOUS NON-CONFORMISTS, VAGABONDS, BEGGARS AND OTHER UNDESIRABLES, 1607-1776. . Peter W. Coldham. Peter Wilson Coldham. Few colonizing powers can have relied so heavily and consistently on the wholesale deportation of their prison population as did England through two-and-a-half centuries of imperial expansion. By the time America made her Declaration of Independence in 1776, the prisons of England had disgorged some 50,000 of their inmates to the colonies, most of them destined to survive and, with their descendants, to populate the land of their exile. In a story largely untold until now--certainly never told as well--Coldham's groundbreaking study demonstrates once and for all that the recruitment of labor for the American colonies was achieved in large measure through the emptying of English jails, workhouses, brothels, and houses of correction. Supported by a massive array of documentary evidence and first-hand testimony, the book focuses on the emergence and use of transportation as a means of dealing with an unwanted population, dwelling at length on the processes involved, the men charged with the administration of the system of transportation or engaged in transportation as a business, then proceeding with a fascinating look at the transportees themselves, their lives and hapless careers, and their reception in the colonies. The whole unhappy saga of enforced transportation is here recounted with such force and eloquence that it is bound to set some popular notions about the peopling of the American colonies on their head. 188 pp. 2nd printing Balto., 1994. [GP1109] $21.95

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